System of concrete construction.



P. AYLETT. SYSTEM OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. APPLIOATIoN FILED MAY 2s, 190s.

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AP.v AYLET'T. K SYSTEM 0F CONCRETE CCNSTBICTIONr .APPLICATION FILED MAY 2B, 1909.

Patented Fen-21,1911.

P.AYLE'I`T. 'SYSTEM 0I:` CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28, 1909. 94,7' m9111811 11911.21, 1911.

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. -mariivln erases ,earner PHILIP AYLETT, or roarsatema-i,` vinsinra.

SYSTEM er conortE'rE c:oNerimerrori To all `whom it may c mc.e"m: A l Be it knoivn that I, PHILIP AYLETT, a' .citi- -zen oftlie United States, residing at Portsmouth, in the county of Norfolk and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Concrete Construction, of which the following is a.

full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the erection of l0 .vide a simple and economical, yet, withal thoroughly eiiective scheme for erecting` the structural element across the space which is to be spanned. y

In carrying out my invention in the preferred manner I provide a temporary supporting structure, which may be ot' any suitablelrind, for example one of the ordinary tem s'uch as is described and claimed in my copendingl applications Serial Nos. 336.315 land 399,235. @n the temporary structure the structural elementis laid in sections, said sections being arranged in series but spaced apart so as to leave lteyspaces l'ietiveen'tliem.

Provision is made whereby the structurall etA the structure prior to ykeying the same together. Various means may lie-employed for effecting this operation, and of these l. have selected for illustration and specific description herein the twoembodiments which at the present time I consider the'best methods of applying the invention. j

Referring now to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side View, somewhat,- diagrammatic,

:showingy the invention employed WithA a temporary support of the trestle type. Fien 2 l.isaside View, 'also more or less diagrammatic, showing .the invention employed in connection Withv'myjcablesvstem of construction. described'in the depending application's'ahove referredto. Fig. 3 is a detail. view in perspective,- of the-preferred' means A 5:.5 for truing or-alining thefarch-sections when the same are supported en falseivork 'below concrete structures, for example bridge' arches, and has for its chief object to. prg.

trestle. type, a truss arch. or a cable syslspecification of Letters Patenti'. Paigned Feb 2, Meiji, application inea May 2a, i909. seriai No. 433,348.

them in contradistinction to being suspendedl from cables;

The alsetyoi'lg, 1 Vin Fig. 1 is intended to represent any suitable structure ot' timber, steel, or iroiiliandl 2,3,are suitable abutments` or skew-backs censtitnting the terminals or" an archi` 0n 'the falsevvorl; or temporary structure is a structure 3a in the nature of a centering, composed of a series of sections i, jointed end to end in such manner as to he capable of pivotal movement relatively to each other at the joints. In the construc tion illustrated the pivot rods or pins, as 5, are extended beyond the sides oi the centeringsections and rest'in suitable sockets in screujacks 6 mounted on the alsework. The numbers 7 to 13 designate sections of an V'arch ring, arranged in longitudinal series on the centering but. spaced apart as shown. lf ,aiter the ai'cli-sections are laid (either by molding' them on the centering.` er by placing previously formed blocks yon the centering) they are found to he in accurate alinement in the "archding` they may be at lonce fastened together, as by molding concrete keys between them'. But if it should be found that from any cause, for example settling or shrinkage ot the falseworlt, t e arch sections are not in the desired accurate alinement they may @brought inte position or trued up loy adjusting the centeringl sect-ions by means ot' the jacks G. 4 The pivotal construction which permits this adjustmentof the sectionsiis preferably that illustrated in Fig. 3.. ln this'iigure the pivot rod or pin 5 at one end ot' each centering' section (for eX- ample the lett end, as viewed in the figure) is fixed in the 'sectiointhat is, incapable of movement longitudinally of the section, while the adjoining` end of the next section is provided with a longitudinal slot or socket- 14 in which the pivot rod is engaged. Now,- it atany time it is found that any of the sections are not in their proper positions` for example suppose the adjacent ends of sections 7 and-8 are lower than they should loa-they may be trued vup by means, of the associated jzdi-h- As the pivot rod is raised itfwill have a slight movement to the right with' 'respect .to theslot lll in the section i at the left and, beingtiXed-'in the right-hand'. VAsection Il, Will (ifthe' jack is radial of the arch ring-.as in the figure) carry the said right-hand sect-ion' slightly to the left; nj.. other Words the-construction described pro' ioo Y ini vieles apivotal slip-joint, permitting the sec-1 by the falsework. These rods may, however, be supported by the abutments or skewbacks as in ig. 3, resting in socket pieces 15k provided for the mounted on the abutments--.

In Fig. 2 I have ,illustrated the invention in use with my cable system of erection. In this system the flexibly -jointed centering 3 is suspended from cables 16 by means of hangers or Suspenders 17 having turnbuckles 18 by which they may be4 lengthened or shortened, thereby raising or lowering the centering at one or more points as desired, to aline the arch to its true form in case it should be distorted from any cause, as stretching of the cables. In this system, as in Fig. 3, the outer ends of the end-sections may be supported by the abutments or skew'- backs. y

For the purpose of facilitating the Work of alining or truing up the arch a series of targets 19 may be hung by means of cords or rods 20 from suitable points of the centering, for example from the pivot rods. Knowing the curvature of the arch it is not'difiicult to calculate the lengths which these target-hangers should have in order that when the arch is in proper formall the targets will be on a level. The lengths of the said hangers being thus properly proportioned it 1s only necessary, in truing up the arch, to manipulate the jacks or turnbuckles until the tar ets are in the same horizontal plane.

s previously stated, the a-rch section may be formed on the centering, or formed elsewhere and then placed in position on the centering. In the former case suitable molds, as the box-molds 21, Fig. 2, are arranged on the centering andflled with concrete, the molds being broken away or other- Wise removed when the concrete hasset suthciently. If desired the arch sections may be provided with embedded reinforcingmemers, as the rods or bars 22, extending into the key-spaces and overlapping therein.

After the arch sections are properly alined to the proper arch form they are keyed t0- Y gether in any convenient manner, as by molding concrete keys in the key-spaces between the sections. When the keys have set the temporary supporting structure, falsexvork or cables as the case may be, is removed, leaving the arch self-supporting. Y From the foregoing it will be seen that my invention makes it possible for the temporary supporting structure to shrink, stretch, settle, or otherwise be distorted Without injury to the uncompleted arch, since the arch sections can at any time before keying them together be accurately alined in the proper curvature. To those skilled in purpose and "suitably" i the art it will be apparent that this fact greatly simplifies the falsework problem and correspondingly cheapens the cost of concrete work.

The constructions herein specifically de; scribed have been found to be convenient and effective, but it is to be understood that the invention is capable of embodiment in other forms without departure from .its proper spirit and scope as defined by the appended claims.

f'hat I claim is:

1. In an apparatus for erecting concrete structural elements by arranging sections of the elements in the positions which they are to occupy in the finished structure and subsequently keying the sections together, in combination, a temporary supporting structure extendingacross the space which is to be spanned by the structural element, means for supporting thereon the sections of the structural element in pivotal relation to each other end to end, and means for pivotally adjusting' such sect-ions to bring the same into desired alinement with each other before they are keyed together.

,2. In an apparatus for erecting concrete structural elements by arranging sections ot the elements in the positions which they are to occupy inthe finished structure and subsequently keying the sections together, in

combination, a temporary supporting structure extending across the space which is to be spanned by the structural element, means for supporting thereon-the sections of the structural element in pivotal relation to each other end to end, said means comprising a series of pivotally jointed members, and means for pivotally adjusting said sections to bring the same into desired alinement with each other -before they are keyed together.

In an apparatus for erecting concrete structural elements by arranging sections of the elements in the positions which they are to occupy in the finished structure and subsequently keying the sections together, in combination, a temporary supporting st ructure extending across the space which is to be spanned bythe structural element, a centering comprising a series of pivotally jointed members, and means for supporting the centering on the said temporary structure, -said means being adjustable to effect pivotal adjustment of the said centering members whereby to bring the sections of the struc- `tural element into desired alinement with each other before they are keyed together. 4. In an apparatus for'erecting concrete structural elements by arranging sections of the elements in the posit-ions which they are to occupy inthe finished structure and subsequently keying the sections together, in,

combination, a temporary supporting structure extending across the space which 1s to structural elements pivotal adustment o geneva be spanned by the structural element, means for supporting` the sections ofthe structural.V element in pivotalrelation to each other'end" be spanned by l tering arranged to support thev sections of the structural elementand composed of a series of members connected together by pivotal slip-joints,

. ried bythe temporary supporting structure sequent and connected with the `centering `to lsupport the same, whereby to effect plvotal a ]ustment .o'tliesaid sections of the struc-1t4 .tural element relativeto each other to bring ,the sectionsinto desired aline'mentt'before they are keyed together.

p 6. In anapparatus for-erecting .concrete l structural -elelnentsby arranging-sections of the elements inthe ositions which they are to loccupyin'the finlshed structure, and suby keying.- the-.sections together, in

combination, a falsework extending across they space 'which is to besipan'nefl by thle stru ove t e 'fa seWor tural element, vmeans a for supporting thefsections of the structural element in pivotal relation to each other end to endand adjustable supports.

carried by the ialswork and connected with the said means to support the same, v'vhereby to efect pivotal adjustment of the said sections nof the vstructural element lrelative to connected Withv Vthe a temporary supporting structure extending across the space which isft' the structural element, a'cenand adjustable supports careach other to bring the sections into desired alinement before they are keyed together;

` 7. In an apparatus for erecting concrete structural elements by arranging sections of the elements in ,the posit-ionsV which they are to occupy in the finished structure and subsequently keying the sections together,

1n combination,"a temporary supporting structure extending across the space which 1s to;be spanned by the structural element,

A.means for supporting Ithesections of the pivotal relation to each y Astructural element in other, and adjustable supports carried` by the temporary supporting structurev and the same, whereby to effectv pivotal adjustment-of .the nsaid sectionsl of the structural element'relativeto each other to bring the sections' into-'desired alinement before they are keyedl together. ,Y I

8. In .'a-n'f'apparatus forerecting concrete structural: elements by arranging sections of t-he elements init-he positionswhich they are to occupy in the ltimshed structure and subsequently keying the sections together, in t combination, atemporary supporhng'strnc- "ture-extendingacross the space which is to be 1 `spanned byv the structural element, means for `supporting thereon the sections ofthe structural element in pivotal relation to each otherl end to end, means for pivotally ad 4Justin such Isections to bringthe same into desire alinement with 'each other before they are,keyed together, and a series ofl tar- -ge'ts associated with sald sections to indicate v visually the conformity or non-conformity of the sections to the desiredalinement.

said means to support In testimony WhereofI atiix my signature .in the presence of two' subscribing witnesses.

- PHILIP AYLETT.

i Witnesses:

RUTH HOFFER,

; I. P. HoAG, Jr, 

